Encyclopedia of Crystallographic Prototypes

AFLOW Prototype: A_oP16_55_2g2h

  • M. J. Mehl, D. Hicks, C. Toher, O. Levy, R. M. Hanson, G. L. W. Hart, and S. Curtarolo, The AFLOW Library of Crystallographic Prototypes: Part 1, Comp. Mat. Sci. 136, S1-S828 (2017). (doi=10.1016/j.commatsci.2017.01.017)
  • D. Hicks, M. J. Mehl, E. Gossett, C. Toher, O. Levy, R. M. Hanson, G. L. W. Hart, and S. Curtarolo, The AFLOW Library of Crystallographic Prototypes: Part 2, Comp. Mat. Sci. 161, S1-S1011 (2019). (doi=10.1016/j.commatsci.2018.10.043)
  • D. Hicks, M.J. Mehl, M. Esters, C. Oses, O. Levy, G.L.W. Hart, C. Toher, and S. Curtarolo, The AFLOW Library of Crystallographic Prototypes: Part 3, Comp. Mat. Sci. 199, 110450 (2021). (doi=10.1016/j.commatsci.2021.110450)

R–carbon Structure: A_oP16_55_2g2h

Picture of Structure; Click for Big Picture
Prototype : C
AFLOW prototype label : A_oP16_55_2g2h
Strukturbericht designation : None
Pearson symbol : oP16
Space group number : 55
Space group symbol : $Pbam$
AFLOW prototype command : aflow --proto=A_oP16_55_2g2h
--params=
$a$,$b/a$,$c/a$,$x_{1}$,$y_{1}$,$x_{2}$,$y_{2}$,$x_{3}$,$y_{3}$,$x_{4}$,$y_{4}$


  • This is a predicted superhard allotrope of carbon. Shortly after this paper was published, another paper predicted a similar phase, called H–carbon (He, 2012). The similarity between the two structures can be seen by shifting the origin by $\left(1/2\right) \mathbf{a}_{1}$. Other sources (Zhao, 2012) refer to this structure as O–carbon.

Simple Orthorhombic primitive vectors:

\[ \begin{array}{ccc} \mathbf{a}_1 & = & a \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} \\ \mathbf{a}_2 & = & b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} \\ \mathbf{a}_3 & = & c \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} \\ \end{array} \]

Basis vectors:

\[ \begin{array}{ccccccc} & & \text{Lattice Coordinates} & & \text{Cartesian Coordinates} &\text{Wyckoff Position} & \text{Atom Type} \\ \mathbf{B}_{1} & = & x_{1} \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + y_{1} \, \mathbf{a}_{2} & = & x_{1}a \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + y_{1}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} & \left(4g\right) & \text{C I} \\ \mathbf{B}_{2} & = & -x_{1} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}-y_{1} \, \mathbf{a}_{2} & = & -x_{1}a \, \mathbf{\hat{x}}-y_{1}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} & \left(4g\right) & \text{C I} \\ \mathbf{B}_{3} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2} - x_{1}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(\frac{1}{2} +y_{1}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2} - x_{1}\right)a \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + \left(\frac{1}{2} +y_{1}\right)b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} & \left(4g\right) & \text{C I} \\ \mathbf{B}_{4} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2} +x_{1}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(\frac{1}{2} - y_{1}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2} +x_{1}\right)a \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + \left(\frac{1}{2} - y_{1}\right)b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} & \left(4g\right) & \text{C I} \\ \mathbf{B}_{5} & = & x_{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + y_{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{2} & = & x_{2}a \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + y_{2}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} & \left(4g\right) & \text{C II} \\ \mathbf{B}_{6} & = & -x_{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}-y_{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{2} & = & -x_{2}a \, \mathbf{\hat{x}}-y_{2}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} & \left(4g\right) & \text{C II} \\ \mathbf{B}_{7} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2} - x_{2}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(\frac{1}{2} +y_{2}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2} - x_{2}\right)a \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + \left(\frac{1}{2} +y_{2}\right)b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} & \left(4g\right) & \text{C II} \\ \mathbf{B}_{8} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2} +x_{2}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(\frac{1}{2} - y_{2}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2} +x_{2}\right)a \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + \left(\frac{1}{2} - y_{2}\right)b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} & \left(4g\right) & \text{C II} \\ \mathbf{B}_{9} & = & x_{3} \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + y_{3} \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + \frac{1}{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & x_{3}a \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + y_{3}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + \frac{1}{2}c \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(4h\right) & \text{C III} \\ \mathbf{B}_{10} & = & -x_{3} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}-y_{3} \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + \frac{1}{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & -x_{3}a \, \mathbf{\hat{x}}-y_{3}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + \frac{1}{2}c \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(4h\right) & \text{C III} \\ \mathbf{B}_{11} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2} - x_{3}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(\frac{1}{2} +y_{3}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + \frac{1}{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2} - x_{3}\right)a \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + \left(\frac{1}{2} +y_{3}\right)b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + \frac{1}{2}c \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(4h\right) & \text{C III} \\ \mathbf{B}_{12} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2} +x_{3}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(\frac{1}{2} - y_{3}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + \frac{1}{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2} +x_{3}\right)a \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + \left(\frac{1}{2} - y_{3}\right)b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + \frac{1}{2}c \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(4h\right) & \text{C III} \\ \mathbf{B}_{13} & = & x_{4} \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + y_{4} \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + \frac{1}{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & x_{4}a \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + y_{4}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + \frac{1}{2}c \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(4h\right) & \text{C IV} \\ \mathbf{B}_{14} & = & -x_{4} \, \mathbf{a}_{1}-y_{4} \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + \frac{1}{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & -x_{4}a \, \mathbf{\hat{x}}-y_{4}b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + \frac{1}{2}c \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(4h\right) & \text{C IV} \\ \mathbf{B}_{15} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2} - x_{4}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(\frac{1}{2} +y_{4}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + \frac{1}{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2} - x_{4}\right)a \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + \left(\frac{1}{2} +y_{4}\right)b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + \frac{1}{2}c \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(4h\right) & \text{C IV} \\ \mathbf{B}_{16} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2} +x_{4}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{1} + \left(\frac{1}{2} - y_{4}\right) \, \mathbf{a}_{2} + \frac{1}{2} \, \mathbf{a}_{3} & = & \left(\frac{1}{2} +x_{4}\right)a \, \mathbf{\hat{x}} + \left(\frac{1}{2} - y_{4}\right)b \, \mathbf{\hat{y}} + \frac{1}{2}c \, \mathbf{\hat{z}} & \left(4h\right) & \text{C IV} \\ \end{array} \]

References

  • H. Niu, X.–Q. Chen, S. Wang, D. Li, W. L. Mao, and Y. Li, Families of Superhard Crystalline Carbon Allotropes Constructed via Cold Compression of Graphite and Nanotubes, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 135501 (2012), doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.135501.
  • C. He, L. Sun, C. Zhang, X. Peng, K. Zhang, and J. Zhong, New superhard carbon phases between graphite and diamond, Solid State Commun. 152, 1560–1563 (2012), doi:10.1016/j.ssc.2012.05.022.
  • C. He, L. Z. Sun, and J. Zhong, Prediction of superhard carbon allotropes from the segment combination method, J. Superhard Mater. 34, 386–399 (2012), doi:10.3103/S1063457612060123.
  • Z. Zhao, F. Tian, X. Dong, Q. Li, Q. Wang, H. Wang, X. Zhong, B. Xu, D. Yu, J. He, H.–T. Wang, Y. Ma, and Y. Tian, Tetragonal Allotrope of Group 14 Elements, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134, 12362–12365 (2012), doi:10.1021/ja304380p.

Geometry files


Prototype Generator

aflow --proto=A_oP16_55_2g2h --params=

Species:

Running:

Output: